Tuesday, May 17, 2011

Tech Deck Games Free Game




The discussion of recognition of the existence of armed conflict reminds me of the story of the king who was deceived by his negligence suits and wore a suit invisible at a public event where the participants, despite knowing that carrying nothing, accepted the idea of \u200b\u200ban invisible suit. Uribe's government at the time tried to convince the public of the existence of a terrorist threat and not an internal conflict, many believed him, but in the awareness that the conflict there is and has been a reality. Anyway, the legal framework of the implications that brings one or other definition might suggest much less than the discussion believe. I dare to say that armed conflict and terrorist threat today is not mutually exclusive events.

An internal conflict does not necessarily recognize a state of belligerent armed rebels who are fighting the rule of law. The plight of Colombia's all a long historical process that began with the political demands of a popular group, divisions between slopes and gradual evolution irregular armies reached jeopardize the state. But a fierce battle against a decrepit state, weak, but sustained by a democratic discipline characteristic of the Colombian people -Not without vices, proved all sources of funding that made partakers of organized crime and drug trafficking emanating from the then kings of this profitable business.

are over 40 years that the illegal armies have fought the government and through different processes, the Colombian State, not subject to constitutional periods, recognized either implicitly or explicitly the existence of a conflict actors outside the law and a legitimate representative government of national interests. An internal conflict of the characteristics of Colombia is not nothing but a sustained armed conflict that links a actors with clear roles: some representatives of popular will and another that seeks to depose them. No causal relationship has to call the warring parties to the conflict when there are groups with some kind of territorial, popular or, indeed, representatives of an internationally recognized independence cause. Neither the FARC nor the ELN, much less criminal gangs have some of these features and do not need a law to give them a specific treatment when the crimes they have committed systematically engages in conduct that departs from state actors of belligerence and subversive movements about terrorist practices.

Apelar a la denominación de conflicto armado lo que permite, en el núcleo de una ley como la que permite la reparación a las víctimas de los hechos que involucren a una acción armada y violenta en concreto, es que se impida ambigüedades que puedan representar altos costos fiscales para el Estado. Dicho de otro modo: un terrorista podría ser un delincuente como el tristemente célebre Chacal o ser terrorista todo un frente guerrillero. Más sin embargo ambos casos no responden a motivaciones similares y, en un contexto como el de Colombia, los hechos históricos sugieren que los frentes guerrilleros, los grupos de autodefensas and some State agents have committed crimes in a context of conflict in particular, not isolated events caused by the insanity of a criminal. Define an armed conflict allows for actors and the establishment of the actors can outline the responsibilities: the FARC and the illegal groups still insist that make war against the state and soon will have to assume the State will pay for work and omissions in this confrontation. Recognize that a conflict exists is not to lose.


Friday, May 13, 2011

Budget Tactical Scopes

Conflict Poverty, inequality and social responsibility


What kind of country we want to become?, when you look closely at the daily news of that country the idea that recurring dream is that we have to be one very different from what we live today and, perhaps, to which generations of Colombians from the time of the independence revolution have had to live. A recurring phenomena such as violence, corruption and lax government will add an effect that has historically marked the Colombian society: poverty.

If all possible country models diverge on how to achieve it, no country should be ideal model that does not include the eradication of poverty as a priority. But share this question with which I begin this writing with passion should lead us to think about the convergences and divergences that allow us to visualize how to cover this problem. Without a shared vision, I mean: not a general and rather with a bias towards the sector of society that has, as the traditional political class, "the issue of poverty is another result of the correlation of forces and games of interest, the excitement of the rhetoric that sometimes appears or a stage of conflict, a clash of visions.

Either way poverty is not a simple matter. There are features of poverty that make a complex, multidimensional and as much or more complicated solutions. Poor rural households have more children (twice) that a home does not have an urban poor and lower income population shows a lag in Colombia, for example, focuses on the Atlantic and Pacific and heterogeneity in poverty same, on the other hand, education in these sectors is much lower in terms of coverage and quality, and revenues come mostly from labor income, so that satiety of needs largely depend on the level of employment. That education, employment and income level of workers become determinants significant proportion poverty.

Moreover, the problem becomes more complex when assimilates that poverty is not a static concept. During the life cycle, households face a number of risks and this leads to address unforeseen events, many non-poor families fall into poverty. Knowing what is likely to fall into poverty would allow the design of effective strategies and targeted subsidies, transfers and social responsibility policies. Identify the determinants of poverty will discover other important phenomena in Colombia shed light on the complexity of problem: for example, Colombia can be poor or not, according to the variables that impact the per capita income, the proportion of people working at home, years of education of head of household and reside in Bogota ( !).

A Nuñez and Espinosa discovery in 2005 is revealing and gives interesting clues for designing effective strategies to combat poverty: an increase in a year when the education level of household head reduces income poverty from 55.3% to 48.8% and expenditure reduces poverty by 52.9% to 46.4%. Finally, if the average ownership of financial assets (dinero) se incrementa a 3,4%, la pobreza por ingreso se reduce a 54,9% y por gasto a 51,8%. Más educación para los jefes de hogares pobres y más dinero que devengan los trabajadores de una familia es una estrategia con resultados fecundos en lucha contra la pobreza. De modo que la estrategia más efectiva -si bien no la única que debe implementarse- de lucha contra la pobreza es una política de reducción del paro, dado que los resultados sugieren que un 5,3% de incremento en la pobreza se encuentra explicado por el aumento del paro. Sin embargo una política de generación de trabajos no es la única estrategia, como los resultados lo sugieren.

In the macroeconomic area is frustrating conclusion: the economic literature has promised that the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) generates employment and household income, but on the other hand, economic stability, predicts that families are exposed to covariant shocks ( as unemployment, inflation) that make your real income is volatile. Despite the promise of economic literature regarding the GDP growth has not been met in Colombia: a study in the last decade concluded that the growth between 1997 and 2004 reported only two consecutive periods of expansion "pro-poor" while the rest of the periods benefited more to the nonpoor. With a much more detailed analysis it is found that during these years, growth reduced poverty by only 1%. Only between 2000 and 2003 there was a significant reduction of this phenomenon.

Everyone is vulnerable to volatility in income. But the poorest are most vulnerable due to lack of savings or assets to back them, are at risk and have few tools to address them. The increased vulnerability of the poorest makes them risk averse and more cautious in making decisions to carry out activities with higher returns. Homeless, and health services, educational opportunities and training, security or access to justice, the vulnerability can be much stronger and attack an issue that may take time but priority overtones.

back on topic of economic growth, it is noteworthy that the GDP of the first decade of the century was 10% higher than that of the early years of the last decade of the twentieth century. Yet poverty rates were similar. If poverty tied to the workplace, the bias from the 1990's was created by skilled labor and access to higher education, still prohibitive for the poor, increased the gap and bias growth to the richest people in society. To this we add that the unskilled labor, especially in rural areas, is intended for the production of sluggish demand for goods or non-tradable crops.

Having regard to the above analysis, it was identified that public policies have not been successful or sufficient. Moreover, it is imperative to recognize that the development strategy involving the poor should be a transversal policy, linking the public sector, private sector and the growing sector of the charitable organizations. Economic development is linked the social fabric of social and cultural relations in which productive activity and plays in which these relationships are reinforced. There is not really feasible must be companies that is not linked to one degree or another with the territory in which it sits. In this regard is the Social Responsibility in the heart of a nation that is constituted in one of the essential support for the articulation of their economic and ethical wealth, because it establishes an open connection to a corporate vision (essential in any market economy) and a national vision. Corporate Social Responsibility can think of an economy and a society that share space in harmony: We can no longer accept business successes in countries failed. It is an affront to millions who depend on poorly paid and unstable jobs.

However, in conclusion, there is the dilemma: Obstruction of business growth or the growth of poverty. The problem is not primarily economic system that has rich, the problem is, in the words of former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, that there are many poor people. It is in them that we must concentrate our efforts as entrepreneurs, politicians, students, ordinary citizens and members of a society that wants to dream for a country to suit their needs is possible. Perhaps the first thing required of us is to cushion the blows that the poorest because of their vulnerability received daily. Perhaps a family housing are more appropriate to concentrate on their future physical and mental efforts to educate and better educate their children or find a better job "with an appropriate policy from the Government, of course. But while their roofs allow the passage of water in rainy season or soil moisture threaten their health, it is likely that poverty comes through the door of their humble homes and threatens to never leave. The first step we must take, then, is noted.

I'm a student Economics of the Universidad del Valle and international NGOs working for A Roof for my Country.

Double Straps For Golf Bags

EXPORTS EXPECTED TO MEET INVESTMENT PLANS AND RATES OF NORTH TERMINAL

Exporters Association (ADEX) hailed the signing of the North Terminal concession and hoped that the entry of new operators generate a fair competition that benefits the sector by reducing fares and improving services .
Guild President exporter Varilias Juan Velazquez, said he is waiting for the prompt exposure of the investment schedule for the modernization of the North Terminal, as well as reducing tariffs by APM Terminals, which will help increase the competitiveness of Peruvian foreign trade.
said
what's next hearing for the moment by the winning consortium are generalities and good intentions, which are expected to materialize as soon as possible.
"Exporters expect a clear decision to reduce cost overruns and further facilitate operations, comprehensive and direct contacts with exporters and importers, without having to go through the terminals extraportuarios" he said.
no doubt, "he continued granting the North Terminal is an important step towards the modernization and consolidation of Callao and South American hub, however, which should interest us all is to become a strategic ally of the Peruvian foreign trade, he said.
Varilias Velásquez recalled that in 2014 it is expected that the number of containers will grow between 14% and 20%, so it is necessary that the works to modernize the North Terminal is running on time estimates.
Yesterday during the signing of the contract, APM Terminals is committed to start operations in the said terminal, over a period not exceeding 60 days. She also indicated that it will invest $ 749 million to transform the pier to allow better handling containers, general cargo, cargo trailer, bulk cargo and vessels passengers.

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Monday, May 9, 2011

Forever 21 Birthday Coupon

30 pieces

The Judas 30 pieces represent the corruption case and remembered more symbolic of universal history. Perhaps the enigmatic Police Minister Consul Bonaparte in France in the late eighteenth century, Fouché, knew quite well how some men, all men have a price, what is ignored is not the exact value of the price . Every act of corruption that has rocked our country confirms how weak a state: the value of a state is often determined by the value of conscience a corrupt official.

Each
corruption scandal confirms that Colombia was co-opted by evil machines jackets income. The sanction of the mayor of Bogota is the tip of an iceberg that every day is close to the great ship's hull and promises to provide disaster case. And corruption not only ruined the whole country wishes to acquire the necessary infrastructure for a growing economy and needs to connect to the rest of the world but apparently squandered an entire health system was the real cause its financial meltdown, what else can you miss?

The economic consequences can be as large as the political, moral and ethical. Every day different situations show how the misuse of public funds and their diversion to private interests has resulted in an evident and inevitable decline in the effectiveness of government and public sector, as the World Bank calculated as a weight of perceptions of different sectors of society. Moreover, the costs had to take on Colombian society by high transport costs which compels poor infrastructure as well as the opportunity cost imposed by the poor choice of leaders predict that the economy will take many years before these severe blows to recover.

noteworthy that in Cali are concerned about the state of the dam that separates the waters of the Cauca River in the impoverished east of the city, which has 40% of the population. But attracting more attention than the value of the embezzled in the Ministry of Social Protection product of a leading edge and private entities opportunistic health promotion could have been arranging finance for the dam and others who have avoided with good maintenance, floods that devastated acres of crops and assets of the less fortunate of the country, their homes, furnishings, cars and, often, their only possessions.

But the thing leads to something more complex: the state is checked and has no defenses to prevent or identify early idols committed by officials of the various entities of the state apparatus. One such example is the Superintendent of Health, with almost 14 thousand entities of different natures to monitor, has a budget of $ 3500 for an average organization to conduct surveillance, a figure that is just ridiculous. States are like organisms that require the information needed to ensure immunity from potential damage and diseases such as corruption, but the Colombian state has historically been checked out and their defense system is vulnerable.

just 30 coins to Judas sold Jesus Christ. But today hundreds of Judas in the heart of the state sold the interests of Colombians to the highest bidder: the best committee in a contract, the better best return bribery or hunted in the coffers of the national treasury. But far from being that the big problem, it's unfortunate that the resources available to stop it's far from necessary. Colombia is fortunate because of its natural resource endowment, but is far from being rich when the minds that direct the affairs of state are immersed in their own destruction.


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Posthumous recognition to the brave men of September 11

BEE shares Brigade posthumous recognition to New York firefighters who bravely tried to save lives in the September 11 attack unrestrained in the city of New York. The descamento 54 was the most affected by the terrible terrorist attack, where more than 3,000 people of various nationalities were killed, including Dominicans. Hopefully

governments and officials of the municipalities in some countries understand the importance of work in society Fire Department, who dedicate their lives to save others change. Someday I will have to give merit to the Dominican firefighter. Contacts

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hope that Dominicananos Firefighters were placed in his stall as the U.S. does


President Barack Obama visited the destacemento NY 54, in commemoration of the area 0 of 9 11.

http://ottawa.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20110505/obama-new-york-visit-110505/20110505/?hub=OttawaHome

Friday, May 6, 2011

Bridal Shower Gift Card Invitation Wording

Palliative

two motivations that led me to the Faculty of Economics I remember them well enough. On the one hand, eager to find the reasons why a person could get rich in this kind of economic societies. I knew, I just want to be rich. On the other hand, I wondered how some countries could reach such levels of wealth and development, while others less fortunate living on the edge of poverty. Furthermore, I wondered why I lived in Bogota live a middle class person in any city in the United States or Western Europe, while a few kilometers there were people settling into real human hell, eroded by poverty and neglect. Perhaps this second question in the University can never answer, not in this new generation of social scientists called economists, less social than scientific.

Because it seems that the fight against poverty was an issue embodied in the core of political discourse in the heart of claims social organizations or the constant litany of social activists, gifted with good intentions and almost always devoid of a north-but tangential, at best, to economics. Economists suddenly filled the literature of complex treaties to combat poverty and inequality but have consistently failed to implement their ideas and make them successful. Much of the mainstream of thinking has been believed and believe that the economy must grow enough to spill the wealth produced and delivered to all classes. Something like putting a drop on the tip of the pyramid and expect them to be distributed at all levels to the base. Or make wine glass overflows and wine to flow into the mouths of the most thirsty tasters.

But it seems that basically does not lie and even the choice to grow to distribute or allocate to grow. It is likely that an advanced country in Scandinavia can redistribute their income to feed domestic demand and by this means economic growth, but it is likely that in Colombia this strategy does not give the same results. But the aggravating is that the Colombian economy, with annual growth trends of positive and significant, can not use all the available workforce in the country and eliminate the unmet needs of the poorest. Redistributed without crumbs and grow is to grow to redistribute seems to be becoming a noisy and frustrating wait for the majority. Must be to know that some industry saw increased profits as you are applying for a housing allowance that is far from a simple bureaucratic procedure.

appears to be emerging the need third way to provide targeted development models and to identify its target population according to their needs. No policies to alleviate poverty: it is necessary to design sophisticated palliative, because poverty is a disease which must be lived together. Our countries should consider comprehensive strategies for the eradication of extreme poverty. A great evils great remedies and poverty could not resist a warm wet cloth. The governments of emerging countries, which concentrates the bulk of the poor worldwide, must summon all the forces of society about this. The productive apparatus of nations must have a functional relationship with the desire and aspiration of the people to close a cycle of poverty that threatens every day to retain their ranks more and more odious generations. The palliative, at best, will make the passage of these generations in the cycle of poverty more bearable. But we should want to make friendly poverty: we believe in and create a society in the absence of his hateful face.


Now in addition to economics student, I am sub-director of A Roof for my Country Colombia in Cali .


Tuesday, May 3, 2011

Ruger 10 22 Bullpup Stock Review

Brigade Congratulates Seibanos BEE in your Patron



General (T) Roberto A. Vargas M., welcomed on behalf of BEE Brigde, all Seibanos week of activities in Santa Cruz del Seibo. In particular we commend the Fire Seibanos to share with all his people the celebration of the patron. It is a very special week, filled with traditional activities, or employment, as is the running of the bull, being this provicnia from east of the few in the country that Mantine this tradition. General (T) Roberto Vargas hopes that one day the count permanently Seibo a real bullring.
Instead, firefighters, as usual, actively participate in the festivities of this traditional village. Contacts

Saturday, April 23, 2011

Vidoes Of Masterbation

Business Climate

Forbes publishes annually a list of the largest companies in the world. In Latin America, Brazil and Spain obtained the largest share, with 64 companies between them. However it is noteworthy that Chile, whose economy is smaller in terms GDP and markets, get on the list to 9 companies from 2000, while Colombia only six. In Colombia a significant development considering that last year only classified 3.

No doubt developments in Colombia are significant economic and must necessarily be reflected in all decisions that support the business climate. In a chaotic and troubled nation to one that projects a determined government action to favor investment through a strong military intervention against irregular armies who submitted the Colombian state for years, legal certainty investors, capital tax exemptions and unusual political stability in a troubled country. The Colombian market is striking for its size and to some extent by their average level of income per capita, largely located in a city market and the projected growth prospects. However the business climate has been more appropriate in Chile, with a much smaller market than Colombia, and Chilean companies are much more competitive than those in Colombia, why?

The answer is generally sound macroeconomic management, stable democracy and a coherent institutional environment. In the Most indicators of transparency in governance Chile is very close to the developed countries and far ahead of their Latin American counterparts. However, to understand the context that has allowed Chilean investment and business climate much more favorable than in Bogota Santiago has a higher background. While Chile grew in the years 1980 and 1990 on par with a select group of Asian countries, the rest of Latin America grew by an average of 2.6% and adopted reforms and recovering from the debt crisis. If between 1980 and 1985 Chile's per capita income was $ 2795, between 1996 and 2001 the same income came to $ 8498. Clearly, a change greater than the average countries in the region.

in fight against poverty, Chile shows some relevant characteristics. If in 1981 18% of Chile's population was in extreme poverty, that figure early in the century had halved in a combination of social and economic policies successful. Destitution in the southern country is less than 2%, which means that Chileans were able to meet one of the Millennium Development Goals: halving the population living on less than $ 1 a day. With few exceptions, businesses thrive in markets where poverty is reduced, where the purchasing power increases and revitalizing social and economic policies of private property, the state's action and efficiency of institutions, something that shows some form Chile.

Income distribution is a different matter. Uneven income may be associated with wealth and poverty, in a first approximation, one might say that the goal of economic policies should be focused on poverty reduction rather than income redistribution. However, as demonstrated in numerous studies (important Persson and Tabellini), inequality is political turmoil, social and saves a significant negative relationship with economic growth. In this regard, without exception, all Latin American countries report a markedly skewed distribution of income and stable for decades. The richest quintile of the population, compared to the poorest quintile in Brazil has a size 29 times, 12 times in Bolivia, U.S. 9 times, 4 times in Sweden and 19 times in Chile. An important variable for policy makers, no doubt.

on the good business climate in Chile can be explained by a lucky level of economic growth. I shall first analyze the capital human: on the one hand, human capital is a direct factor of production but can also act as a buffer for diminishing marginal productivity of physical capital and natural resources. Noteworthy is the role of human capital in the creation of technologies and their adoption. Chile has achieved in terms of literacy, infant mortality and nutrition outcomes comparable with that of high-income countries. While health has shown a performance superior to the Latin American bloc, its $ 303 of health expenditure per person in contrast to U.S. $ 2481 for high-income countries.

However, at the macroeconomic stability and financial market development and the results are greater determinants perhaps comparatively better business environment than in countries like Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. During the last decade of the twentieth century, Chile achieved a stable inflation rate, low and similar to that of developed countries, a surplus in government accounts, powered by a fiscal rule based on achieving a structural surplus of 1% of GDP. This is how Chile has managed to incorporate an anti-cyclical policy has helped to consider the Chilean economy as one of the most stable in Latin America. In the past 20 years, Chile has experienced significant developments in its financial system with a size comparable to that of developed economies, which would result from the combination of market policies implemented since the mid-seventies and a proper regulatory framework in place in the eighties.

is no secret, on the other hand, Chilean trade policies are more pro-opening of the region and that doubling the volume of Chilean exports to the United States signature product NAFTA, for example, is a very good example of this assessment. While Chile is far from the trade performance (exports plus imports) from countries like Singapore, with a ratio of Trade Openness as a percentage of GDP of almost 400%, it is well above the average for Latin America and the United States itself, almost equivalent to 70% versus 50% average American region.

Chilean business climate is, undoubtedly motivated by an acceptable but still low level of human capital development, macroeconomic and political stability has yielded significant results in the fight against which has focused on poverty and rapid economic growth and household income and a degree of trade openness substantially higher than the rest of the neighborhood, the privileged position on the Pacific Rim and the quality of institutions, which deserve a separate chapter.

Regarding Colombia the gap is evident when one considers that in the first decade of the twenty some weaknesses of the Chilean economic development have come to be served, such as the provision of infrastructure, improved strengthening human capital, but is pending the issue of income inequality still strong. Having thereby increasing participation of Colombia in the top of the world's largest companies can be minimized por la consolidación del modelo chileno de desarrollo. Sólo así podríamos explicar por qué una economía más chica como la chilena posiciona empresas más competitivas y grandes que Colombia. Finalmente, la visita al aeropuerto Merino de Santiago me resultó mucho más placentera que mi estancia en Eldorado de Bogotá. Y en el mundo de los negocios eso es más que una percepción, puede determinar una decisión.




Monday, April 18, 2011

Chris Kattan And John Goodman Snl Skit



Images Of Inside The Labia

Trade off "election? Clumsy

Las palabras del ex-alto comisionado para la paz del Gobierno de Uribe, Luis Carlos Restrepo, coinciden con un sentimiento sumamente arraigado in the ultra-conservative host country, no doubt, are supported by the Gothic mood of former Colombian president. For many have chosen to Santos was to ensure continuity without any variant of the basic tenets that have characterized the eight-year administration of his predecessor. In fact, admittedly, was a speech that managed the campaign of now President Santos and was a successful merchandising strategy that drove their business political campaign strategists, which is good in a race for the presidency, obviously. All leaders, not only in Colombia but in the world, found as a support what they believe are concentrated preferences the electorate. If Santos is revealed as the liberal he is, probably would have had a negative flow of the powerful conservative voters meant Uribe.

However, those who are now believing that it actually Colombia faced in the last presidential election was not an option for continuation of the Government of Alvaro Uribe, but a trade off, a choice between a model political liberalism and conservatism of democratic security, bordering on meanness own end and radicalism in politics. The truth if they believed the most Uribe Colombia was facing a continuity model whose only variation was who ran it were very naive, and if we now believe that Colombia has had to maintain democratic security, also committed an error. Not because the Uribe government is a black episode in history, on the contrary, as time goes by better recognize their successes and mistakes, both in good quantities. But for any democracy renewal is necessary. I would say is a must.

With the perception that the country's rampant violence and the economic policies yields are very low, we may well regret the absence of Uribe. However, neither the violence ended with his Government, though it evolved and the conflict between guerrillas and armies ended, or the country took the leap required for its economic modernization, political and institutional. And the fact already evident problems of corruption and distortion of public procurement, construction delays expressed in strategic development and the inescapable presence of structural unemployment, poor infrastructure, much in the rainy season, and yet sustained presence of questionable social coverage suggest that the country should think of the post-conflict and not a government to reach him.

Uribe changed the country. I would say was the president who played his enormous political capital in the eradication of the greatest threat ever faced by the Colombian government and the elimination of left-wing guerrilla groups and the extreme right. The latter showed that in the end it was his criminal character and devoid of any political or ideological message. While today there are criminal groups derived from both sides, no more than that criminal groups deserve a policy aimed at militarily and economically asphyxiate. Contrary to what the teacher suggests Humberto Vélez of the Universidad del Valle in a recent lecture at this university, Colombia's armed conflict does not exist as a struggle between political actors. The only political actor is the government and President Uribe was left sitting this promising beginning recovered.

But the presence of a government that set the country to a different scenario to the old armed conflict between political factions is necessary and would not conflict with the model of a nation be enabled to maintain the security, coexistence and national defense. Colombia must now rebuild his weakened social fabric cost of any armed conflict, through economic policies aimed at redistributing wealth and economic growth. Redeployment will be obtained through a policy for reducing unemployment, increasing quality and coverage of education, health and housing. The Chilean model is a clear example of what a country should be thinking about society and the competitiveness of enterprises in the allocation of assets in infrastructure that would connect the country, lower transport costs and connectivity within the country, and from the rest of the world. Chile has reduced its poverty levels, as few countries grew during 1990 and until recently was modernized economically, became a vibrant democracy, with a significantly more efficient the average of its neighbors, and ensured a reliable defense and national security.

The ultra-conservative claim some today in Colombia to show Santos as a traitor at odds with what should be understood as continuity. The issue of security in Colombia is not the same issue as in 2002 or today can claim to be used as a pretext to maintain a custom character in politics. The great success of Uribe have left now is think of far-reaching reforms to the Colombian society and not on how to fight them to a well-armed irregular army. But Santos is the duty of governing, not be true to a legacy.


Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Ikusa Otome Suvia - 01

lightness

The reform of the Higher Education Act by the National Government to the public opinion is the true example of a clumsy way we have been committed by the president and his economic advisers and educational policy. The biggest mistake that makes this proposal is that it managed to be the perfect excuse for the ghost-hunting fantasize about the evil specter of privatization. I do not know which is more awkward: if the Government's intention to reform higher education with an unwavering faith in the private sector set up by incentives that lead to profitable altruism or radical receivers academic community have been put to work their ideological machinery retread that devil hates both in public education such as privatization.

Moisés Wasserman, president of the National University is the first opponent of the law and rules out the privatization of public universities and intent of the law. Privatization is a ghost and the ghosts do not exist. However I share his assessment: the reform is naive, and perhaps it is this naivety that makes this project a huge blunder. Regardless of whether the university autonomy is violated or not, most concern is focused on two flanks of great importance: the financing of higher education is not an acceptable solution and the quality of teaching and complementary processes, such as research, may be jeopardized.

On the one hand the Government on the assumption that higher education is highly profitable and capital are pending legal certainty to invest in it. And the issue is much more than the naivete of some who believe that by 1400 million pesos worth the so-called Plan of Action of the Universidad del Valle, this institution is readying the ground for privatization germinate. The issue goes beyond, definitely, on one hand a supply and increasing demands are not a financial structure that would sustain under the required conditions. Educating students twice no less expensive and decreasing the cost of course he has deceived the president's advisers and the Minister of Education. As die deceived if they believe that private capital will optimize the performance of public universities.

Moreover, an employer will find it more profitable to give a building to a university (Santo Domingo Pacheco case with the Universidad de los Andes, or Sarmiento National University) to take care of everything involved in their government and administration. Only in the world of grants there is a lack of investors for failing to control the use of their capital, a fact that takes place by a powerful incentive explained by the 125% tax deductions as provided by law. So if an employer wishes to profit from higher education, is unlikely to move in the incentive structure of the quality and the best service and decide to move, as a framework for profit, quantities and simplifying processes and economies of scale. And that education leads to the precariousness of its purpose and rationale.

But my assessment is on the assumption that the projections of the Ministry of Education they had no place in reality. However, how clumsy of law is that it ignores something, found their own private universities, mediocre and low cost because it is cheaper to go to public universities to form alliances with rising costs and needs to multimillionaires. That the ghost of privatization and appears dissipating end is a far worse monster called low quality. The gap between universities grow and income disparities are even greater future. Complete legions of poor students from the quartile with the lowest concentration income and the worst public and private schools will go to new universities, borrow to pay tuition and receive an education in terms of quality will be much lower than the students receive the best public and private schools of the wealthiest in the country.

The government's idea, however, is no less awkward than the student movement and the eventual reaction to educational reform. The protest scheduled for April 7 is a sample: protest not only by law but by education projects such as fiscal sustainability and the law of first employment. What worries me most is that most have acquired a very cheap commodity and easily digested, but of little use, based on the most radical upheaval have on the students eager to protest and nostalgia with the student movements of the past. The mentioned privatization of public universities are diverting attention from what really matters.

The proposed amendment to the Act 30 does not solve the funding problem and proposed outputs very naive to get resources to maintain and offset the costs of state universities and on the other hand, responds to problem coverage but makes it clear a possible deterioration of educational quality. It welcomes the Government's interest to increase the supply of education loans, but can not stop criticizing how light can be reform. The proposed safe, bland response. In the debate on Bill 30 are in the worst of all worlds.



Sunday, April 3, 2011

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The end times misused


Web Circle a history that shows a highway in Naka, Japan, which was partially destroyed by the earthquake on 11 March, ranked the fourth most powerful since it measures the intensity of activities seismic. However the news is not that the highway has been destroyed: the news is that in six days was repaired and put into service. Simultaneously in another network was about one message, referring to the repatriation of 139 Colombians living in Japan, suggested that instead of bringing the Colombians in question would have brought 50 Japanese and nationalized.

And it feels in the West, and especially in Latin America, an uncontrollable rage on what we call the Japanese crisis without having actually sought to objectively analyze what this crisis means for stakeholders involved: the Japanese. And that is the paranoia of Latinos living in the empire of the rising sun contrasts with the passivity and serenity of these Eastern to face what undoubtedly was a disaster that have happened in Central America we would be doomed to the largest humanitarian crisis modern history. While a single death is regrettable, it should be 15 000 more, but when contrasted to the light of the number of inhabitants of a major world economic powers, it is discovered that the fiercest natural phenomenon of recent years "just "gained 0.001% of the total population of the archipelago. In the worst left 1.5 million homeless people, which which is only 1% of Japanese.

Although my figures are estimates arbitrary, I can assure the reader not to turn away from reality. The tragedy that we have been told in the voices of U.S. and Latin American journalists, rather susceptible to the sale of tragedies that generate returns insured, we suggest that life in Japan after the earthquake is the closest thing to hell. Even the stories of Latinos living in Japanese cities are assuming that 130 million people are at a point of no return, a sort of " off and get out" that contrasts with some citizens resumed their activities soon daily, with caution, some fear and some difficulties, of course, but that is far removed from the apocalyptic scenario Western media.

analysis And let light and attached to history: how many dead left the nuclear attack on Japan in World War II, how many deaths occurred in the fall of the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 radiation product?, with the crisis in the Fukushima plant became widespread panic about the safety of nuclear installations in the entire planet, was conceived a wrong idea of \u200b\u200ban imminent threat to humanity for adverse outcomes in this power plant affected by the earthquake and further believes that after that Japan will succumb.

I do not deny that the disaster affected the soul to 130 million Japanese. But I deny that Japan around a few years has not been rebuilt, its productive structures are not running again and one of the most advanced societies of the world is not back into their routines, as they have done before, during and after World War I and so many tragedies that this eastern empire suffered and paid the consequences difficult to calculate, Japan paid more by war than by the succession of earthquakes that frequently asota. Maybe Japan is not the economy that was in 1990, such as a shadow (of China, may be) is covering the brightness of an island that has not stopped or fail to be prosperous. But the truth is that this nation after this tragedy has left us very different lessons to a handful of journalists who want to submit, because this is not the end of time. Have died in terrorist attacks in Iraq that divine fury that some say is behind the earthquake in Japan.

Tuesday, March 29, 2011

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Today walls of several buildings on the campus of the University Melendez Valley woke up with new messages, expressions of radicalism that has co-opted to student participation in the main university of the south-western Colombia and, surely, is a similar situation in other public universities. Defiant messages, arson and even threatening to have revived times the infiltration of illegal armies in large university and have achieved by way of fact to impose the views of thousands of Colombian students.

And is that the discourse of democracy and freedom the academic and professional instruction has deteriorated to the level of debauchery and decay tacit hierarchies. Radical groups that have been made arbitrarily with the flags of the student movement, led by the means of verbal and physical violence, but always reactionary, to be implemented in the imagery of populist proposals university communities of origin marking on the left once radical and challenging of the basic principles of rule of law. They have also imposed in the agenda of student dissent they purport to represent, the idea that suggests that college is a political institution and not a center of thought and production knowledge. Suddenly, thinking about the popular election of presidents or the creation of participatory budgeting ceased to be ideas in the minds of the protesters became chronic and recurrent themes in the student assemblies degraded.

It is a pity that the response of the radicals is accompanied by a fearful silence of the majority of students who reject violence, the presence of hooded and imposed political propaganda in the classroom and the walls of our universities to force, under the threat of blockades, and even pitched battles on the warning lethal weapons. Today, the proposed amendment to the Higher Education Law No. 30 submitted by the national government is becoming lost another opportunity to participate appropriately in its criticism and the construction of an alternative initiative. The opportunity to reform once and for a while at a higher education system needs to be updated to the needs of modern economic society is fading into the steam away with the homemade bombs of the radicals who hide their identity in a hood .

Violence, ways of doing things and rebellion Colombia have cost years of progress and prosperity for its citizens. Poverty Chronic country has acceded to its DNA product of the major conflicts, civil wars and the opportunism of the illegal armies who sought to increase his power at the silence of Colombian society, the complicity of some officials and the sound of bombs and rifles. The costs of violence in this country yet to be fully quantified, but could be measured in years lost, irretrievable time. But surely resorting to violence to end the ills of this poor nation will eventually only further distance the desired achievement of peace, welfare and happiness for millions.

La Universidad del Valle, as no university state system of higher education, is outside the desire to succeed in building agreements between the sense of academic and scientific rigor that should characterize a university community and not build the discussion on violence, incendiary speech, radicalism and lack of true democracy, because democracy is not silence, is the clarity with which outlines the problems and the existence of the means to resolve, in the words of English politician Enrique Mugica. For true democracy to caring for the spirit of extreme inequality, which leads to the pre-modern aristocracy, as it should take care of the spirit of equality extreme, which leads to despotism. Despotism that you smell in the violent demonstrations.


Sunday, March 20, 2011

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Representation university governance and public university in Colombia

can not walk through the halls and visit the buildings of the huge campus of the Universidad del Valle, in a very nice neighborhood in southern Cali, or by the seat of San Fernando , built in the west of the capital of Valle del Cauca, or any of the eight regional offices of the third university in Colombia. You can not do for basic safety reasons: an act of vandalism, harassment or just a shame, as I have had previous governing this alma mater and others like National University. And is the chancellor de la Universidad del Valle, una institución con 31 mil estudiantes matriculados. Quizás una muy buena muestra de una tesis en lo absoluto novedosa: a las universidades públicas no las aflige solamente problemas presupuestarios, sino un problema de gobernabilidad sensible y evidente.

Es habitual que existan diferencias entre los planes del Gobierno y los grupos involucrados, como con la reforma a la Ley 30 propuesta en días anteriores, o con iniciativas de la administración autónoma de las universidades del sistema estatal de educación superior, como es el caso en la Universidad del Valle y tantas otras; como es habitual que esas diferencias se surtan por las vías indeed. A call for rebellion is a student assembly at its best: preventing the normal academic, because the student leaders as contrary to democratic participation , building block, impede the free movement of teachers and administrative staff and impose a sort of Third Estate declared disobedience. Most extreme scenes is when they threaten or intimidate teachers at a time, students and people usually masked, they see their security at risk.

What is behind these demonstrations?, A desire students legitimate part of the discussions that they are responsible. It is the rule of democracy: participation of its citizens. Yet democracy provides a number of mechanisms that allow the simplification of social choice, through collegiate bodies and representivity. Here's why: Suppose that there are three voters and three options, represented by A, B and C. Suppose the voter 1 prefers A to B and B to C, the voter 2 prefers C to A and A to B and, finally, the voter 3 prefers B to C and C to A. Suppose that between A and B, 1 and 2 voters vote for A, so to win this option. Then take both A and C: voters 2 and 3 prefer C to A, so win C. According to Stiglitz in his famous manual of public economics, social choice C is, apparently, what happens then?, Confront a C and B and found that both the voter 1 and 3 prefer B to C. Now is also preferred B to C. If B beats C and C beats A, how to defeat a B?, This "paradox of voting suggests that there is a permanent cycle in the vote, a clear setback in social choice.

There have only 3 voters, but each decision could bring as many combinations as there are individual preferences and thus will be unlikely to reach agreement reflecting the group preferences, imagine that in 30 000 or 1 million potential voters. So, the mechanisms of government have sought to simplify the representation through the process. Hence the argument closed most radical groups of the student movement, which has captured the debate in large universities, to promote false democracy , such as requiring the democratic election of deans and rectors, borders on the realm of the absurd . Absurd for the simple theoretical argument I gave above and because, above all, is not known that the university is a center for science and knowledge and not a political institution.

student assemblies are not deliberative scenarios are spaces that imposes more emotion and passion rooted in the ideological field. If a university president can not walk through the corridors of their buildings and walk their gardens, there is a problem indeed. If public universities are impregnable drug outlets, the infiltration of crime which causes the modes of student lobbyists are more like criminal gangs, if a group of students takes refuge in lighter-like arguments that street vendors " feed "to the university community to justify their presence on campus, it is likely that the financial problem will now gather a governance problem.

In the name of university autonomy should promote science, innovation, professional and personal qualities of students and alumni, but under no circumstances be an excuse to legitimize the illegal, the foolishness and insolent. The proposed amendment to the Law 30, for example, promoted by President Santos, is an opportunity for healthy exercise of debate and exchange of ideas. But if the attitude of the student movement is still marked by the radical and violent extremism, what will it will trash a chance of inclusion in this debate. And once again, due to the passivity of some and the excessive violence of others, students in Colombia will be heard, but their needs are ignored.

Friday, March 18, 2011

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BEE Brigade is identified with the heroic efforts of more than 130 firefighters who risked their lives against nuclear plants in Fukushima, Japan, in exchange for saving life of others. Contacts

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

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The first stop of Argentine tourists, who stayed at home, it was the city of Cali. Reached the border between Ecuador and Colombia on Friday night and Saturday morning was the third largest city, ready to satisfy your desire to know another country over the long journey which aims to take you from Cordoba in central Argentina, to the north of the sub-continent. Decided to devote one day to travel to the capital of Valle del Cauca, Cinderella historically Colombian the sophisticated world of tourism. Many leisure travelers coming to the Atlantic Coast and Bogota, Coffee, and in recent years to the revitalized Medellín. However, this Cordoba had faith in Cali and wanted to cover it.

The first impression was that this is the lack of tourist information to the location of friends and strangers, and the excessive discretion of the municipal tourism office. Willing to go the center of the city, had long searched for a place to obtain sufficient guides to find the way through an area that should be well exploited recommend to tourists. However, the surprise was great when, instead of a color map with references to sites of great value to a foreign visitor, was given a photocopy of a map of the city in a letter size, black and white and without the slightest possibility of being useful for a tourist eager for information. While I was pleasantly surprised by the transport system in the capital of Valle, the biggest disappointment was expressed in a harsh sentence: Cali is not for tourism.

Cases like this are repeated daily throughout Colombia. And I bring up the subject when the World Economic Forum published this month Tourism Competitiveness Index than 139 countries, with a surprise even more disappointing that the impression that this Argentine history was an important region for the country: Colombia passed in 2011 to being ranked 77, after a 2009 where he held the position 72. That is, worsened the country's ability to be a world class tourist destination. We are over Morocco, Vietnam and Ecuador, but well below Mexico, Peru and Argentina. We are 77 posts in Switzerland, 71 United States and well outside the orbit of the destinations that attract millions of consumers of these services.

Down is the magical tale of a Madrid-level Bogotá or Buenos Aires itself, sadder still, if the Colombian capital, which is what has made further efforts to increase their participation in the tourism business is inadequate, the regional capital case contained in the imagination of international tourists. No city has first-class hotel infrastructure, and if so its amount is far below the minimum required. The country has a poor transport network that makes travel expensive and uncomfortable for locals and foreigners. Colombian airports do not help much and the low range of destinations to and from cities like Cali and Barranquilla suggest that Colombia is far from a desired destination for tourism. Cities are not good for the tourist services that the country can give to a visitor is insignificant and it feels to come to Colombia is more like going to a country in Africa, where the occasion of the visit is more like for risk and adventure for the pleasure and comfort.

By proportion, it is clear that most tourists are seeking more sophisticated pleasures, comfort and feel at home but outside, a harsh fate. Not much consolation then promoting brand marketing campaigns country, undertaken several years ago, when the perception is outside national boundaries suggest that the cost has been assumed in this campaign that the expected benefit from it. Something leave another thought: Can Colombia be an international destination does not offer an appropriate infrastructure and services to the needs of visitors?, Must see, because as soon fate Colombia lies more in the hearts of a few adventurers in the plans of wealthy foreigners wishing to see the world.

Monday, March 7, 2011

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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES PLAN MUST FIRST IN JULY ROSE SAYS BICENTENNIAL

ethics and moral values \u200b\u200bshould prevail in the social development agenda as it prepares for the bicentennial of the country's independence, held the No. 1 Fuerza 2011 list, Julio Rosas, at the meeting held on Friday morning with members of the National Agreement (NA) at the Government Palace in the presence of the president of the republic and the cabinet.
Rosas, said that in this era of globalization with economic growth for the country, urged that the principles and Christian values \u200b\u200bare present in all spheres of social life, because only with a new mindset will be possible social development to achieve the desired expectation of all Peruvians.
explained that the family is and will remain the foundation of society, why it is necessary to strengthen all actions that may lead the family unit, child protection, promotion of children and youth entrepreneurship education and health for all.
From this perspective, the evangelical pastor also participating for the first time in Peruvian politics, invited by the founder of the group, Keiko
Fujimori called on all institutions and civil society representatives to close ranks against those who threaten the family and ethical principles. Rosas has more than 31 years of experience in social work he has done in various parts of the country as a minister.
Rosas revealed that the concepts contained in the National Accord, not only enjoy the support of the main political forces but also of social organizations.
As know the AN is the set of 32 state policies developed and approved on the basis of dialogue and consensus around the national level to define a course sustainable development of the country and assert their democratic governance.
According to representatives of the National Agreement works to 2021, Peru's per capita income is U.S. $ 10.000, instead of U.S. $ 5.000 to register today.
also required to increase between 24% and 25% the level of investment, increase revenue by 5% and reduce poverty in less than 10% and extreme poverty to leave at 4 %. These are the goals of Plan Bicentennial are executed in accordance with the objectives of the Millennium United Nations.

Friday, March 4, 2011

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Anniversary headquarters Mella

Day March 11, 1928 was officially installed the Fire Department of the city of Santo Domingo. Therefore, upon completion of its 83 years of service, the Brigade BEE congratulates all the maga Brothers Headquarters Ave Mella, led by its General Superintendent, Guillermo García.

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

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Del Destino Colombia sense of the public: a case


Just hooded student began writing his graffiti on the wall outside the Administration Building University of Valle another student approached him and without measuring consequences rebuked him for the damage to the heritage of this state school in Cali. Along with the hooded testified three people, one of which did not hesitate to respond: "Let him scratch it, what is the problem?, That again and painted-

The simple lines above describe the systematic behavior of individuals to state property. Tuesday was presented on the campus of the Meléndez third largest university of Colombia, in southern Cali, and was part of the unfortunate ones who staged disorders Students dissatisfied with the draft National Development Plan and some decisions of the university administration.

can easily question the speeches thrown by protesters, but not what concerns me at this time. What is questionable is the disdain with which players assume the public nature of certain goods, because in any case the question remains: is the public university a public or a public entity?, Suppose it is a public good nature "will to exclude and rival consumption?.; think now is a public entity, is exempt from design their control mechanisms and internal rules of the game?

To give advantage to some, I will think of that is a public good. The public university is part of the provision of public goods by the state. If we see this law, the law does not provide a blind eye and deaf ear to the damage to the commons. Finally, a damage to a state building will be paid with public money transfers from any level of government ultimately originated in the contributions of citizens of the nation. If we look now economically, can not see public education as seen on National Defense: defending one more individual is not a non-zero marginal cost, to defend a thousand is probably just to stand at 5 million, excluding how the army or the police to defend those who do not pay their and advocate services to which they contribute?, public education is based on a fundamental right, but not required to be an unlimited fine in their provision, have you thought prohibitive costs of hosting all the demand for university quotas the state system?, if done effectively rule out this condition is very high risk of failure.

How
resolve the issue? through an exclusion mechanism. No rival consumption because, for example, if a student uses linear algebra class is difficult to prevent another agent and the individual consuming the same kind of algebra simultaneously. But if it is not excluded is likely to generate congestion: a teacher can estimate the effort of his voice and its impact on academic achievement of all students optimally in a given area and with a size proportionate to attendees. If the number exceeds these estimates will require a greater space allocation (instead of a living will require an auditorium) and therefore the teacher may audiovisual equipment required in addition to per capita cost of training a student.

So the university, in order to optimize their chances of limited resources and to promote the access of certain candidates who meet academic quality primary parameters, apply a protocol of admission and charge a price the student to obtain the actual duties as a member of the university community. Otherwise, it is likely that an untalented student and avid of pride wants to study engineering even if the failure is assured under these conditions, resulting in congestion and consuming resources (congestion in the library service, computer service, newspaper, restaurants), likewise, in order to maintain uniform behavior within the facilities of the University, be a set of rules.

Why rules in a good community use? just such rules, in the words of North (1993), restrict individual behavior that eventually, if not controlled, would generate negative externalities. Chances are, if not restricted the use of snuff, smoke from this may adversely affect those who value little cigarette smoke. Therefore, it is possible to reach an agreement: to establish a smoking area, who value and do not feel negatively snuff emanation of smoke arising from their use. Similarly, it is likely that restrictions on the use of facilities seeking to avoid the abuse of these and minimize negative externalities. It's simple, why no agents involved in the consumption of goods that do not value enough internalize the costs caused by this situation?, Ideally one who consumes, internalize their costs. It can be for the payment of a tax, Pigovian style, to offset the negative externality caused or assuming that the consumption of the goods is only made in a place that reduce the effect on the other agents.

So either legally, something that I do not know specifically, or economically, an exhibition that I strive to do, regardless of whether the public university or not a public or a public entity private good characteristics, the need to demolish that argument synthetic flat and hollow suggesting that both the use and abuse are allowed in public places . Why not control the vehicle access to campus or why not make a closing of the public University grounds?, For the simple reason that, while management public is not free to seek the safety of workers and students. La Casa de Nariño is publicly owned, but what happens if is open? , it is likely that the President of the Republic with the medium approaches the village, but it is likely that a deranged in and kill him, would it be ideal?, I doubt it.

striking is the double standards of those who want to see in public the opportunity to empower themselves and impose their preferences arbitrarily (let's call signs or potential stakeholders). If his speech was coherent, why accept blocking an avenue for a protest, the public good in all its expression, being that affects many more than it benefits the blockade?: the behavior of the dictator, I call it, when the preferences of one or a few as are imposed on social preferences. OK to block the street but not accept to close the doors of the University who do not belong to it free access to its facilities is nonsense. It seems that, as often happens, when we stand up for justice outside the law, we are making the greatest act of injustice.